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Learn HMI design — practical guides for HMI engineers

Free long-form guides · Updated August 2026

Practical articles on the symbols and the standards (ISA-101, ISA-5.1, ISO 7010, ASME Y32.11) that actually matter when you sit down to build an operator screen. Written by an automation technician who ships HMIs, with corrections and additions from the engineers in the community forum.

Standards reference

The two standards every HMI engineer reads, condensed.

Standard · 12 min

ISA-101 HMI design standard — complete guide

Lifecycle, situation awareness, calm color philosophy, alarm priorities, display hierarchy, typography. The standard, in plain English.

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Standard · 10 min

ISA-5.1 instrumentation symbols reference

Tag format, letter codes (P, T, F, L, A, W, S, V, Z), modifiers, mounting bubbles (field, DCS, PLC, shared). Cheat sheet style.

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Reference · 11 min

P&ID symbols explained

Equipment, valves, ISA-5.1 instrument bubbles and line types — what each P&ID symbol means and how to download or build them as PNG/SVG.

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Reference · 9 min

P&ID valve symbols

Gate, globe, ball, butterfly, check and control valves — drawn in ISA style — plus actuators, fail-safe positions (FC/FO/FL) and tags.

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Reference · 10 min

HMI symbols & SCADA symbol libraries

What HMI/SCADA symbols are, how they differ from static P&ID symbols, the calm ISA-101 color rule, and vendor-neutral PNG/SVG export for Weintek, WinCC, FactoryTalk, Ignition and AVEVA.

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Reference · 9 min

Instrument symbols (ISA-5.1)

The instrument bubble and its outline (field, DCS, PLC, shared), the XX-NNN tag format and letter codes — drawn in ISA style, with PNG/SVG download.

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Reference · 8 min

P&ID pump symbols

Centrifugal, positive-displacement, vacuum pumps and fans — drawn in ISA style — plus motor + VFD pairing and turning a pump into a multi-state HMI object.

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Reference · 7 min

Conveyor symbols for P&ID and HMI

Belt, screw, bucket elevator, roller and vibrating feeder symbols, the switches around them, and reversible FWD / REV arrows on the HMI object.

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Reference · 7 min

Gate, diverter and damper symbols

Knife gate, slide gate, diverter, rotary valve and damper, with the open / closed / travelling states that the ZSO and ZSC switches produce.

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Reference · 7 min

Tank, vessel, silo and hopper symbols

Atmospheric tanks, pressure vessels, silos and hoppers, how to show the level on an HMI without colouring the liquid, and the LT / LSH / LSL bubbles.

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Reference · 8 min

Process equipment symbols

Compressors, heat exchangers, filters, cyclones, mixers and heaters: what each outline means and which ones get running states on the screen.

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Practitioner guides

Concrete techniques you can apply on your next project.

Practitioner · 11 min

Alarm management for HMI engineers

Why alarm floods happen, the ISA-18.2 lifecycle, rationalisation and priority allocation — and exactly how to show priority on the screen without breaking the calm palette.

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Practitioner · 10 min

HMI screen hierarchy: Level 1 to Level 4

What belongs on the overview, the unit display and the diagnostics screen, navigation that works under pressure, and text sizing derived from the real viewing distance.

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Practitioner · 8 min

The 9 motor states every HMI should show

Stopped, starting, running, no feedback, manual, disabled, +P1 alarm, +P2 alarm, fault. PLC tag mapping + implementation in Weintek, WinCC, FactoryTalk, Ignition.

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Practitioner · 9 min

The calm HMI color palette: why gray wins

The two-axis color rule, the canonical palette, color blindness considerations, anti-patterns. With before/after example.

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Glossary & quick reference

Terms you'll find in tender specs, vendor docs and training material.

Reference · 5 min

HMI / SCADA / P&ID glossary

30+ terms — HMI, SCADA, DCS, PLC, P&ID, ISA-101, ISA-5.1, alarm priorities, OPC UA, multi-state lamp, MCC, VFD, OEE — with cross-references.

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Cheat sheet · 1 page

ISA-101 cheat sheet (printable A4)

9 motor states + canonical alarm palette + ISA-5.1 letter codes + mounting bubbles. Print and pin to your panel.

Open / print →

Do, not just read

The guides explain the symbols; these are the places to get them or make them.

Community library

Explore symbols published by engineers

Motors, valves, pumps, tanks, instruments and more, drawn in the Symbol Builder and published under CC BY 4.0. Filter by category, download PNG/SVG, or open any symbol in the builder and adapt it to your legend.

Explore →
Symbol Builder · free

Draw your own HMI symbol

Shapes, ISA bubbles, connection lines, state badges and the ISA-101 palette built in. Export PNG/SVG for Weintek, WinCC, FactoryTalk or Ignition, and publish it if you want others to reuse it.

Open the builder →
Icon library

Generic HMI iconography

Arrows, electric and lightning marks, indicators, signals, alarm and state badges, instrument bubbles, connection lines, navigation and system icons: the small pieces every screen needs, consistent with these guides.

Browse icons →
Forum · Q&A

Ask the community

A guide does not cover your case? Ask about a symbol, a state machine or a vendor quirk. Answers come from engineers who ship operator displays, and accepted answers stay findable for the next person.

Go to the forum →

Put a guide to work

Draw the symbol in the free Symbol Builder, or start from one the community already published. A free account gives you 5 downloads a month; publishing your own symbols (CC BY 4.0) keeps their export free.